Sigiriya Rock Fortress
-The Eighth Wonder of the World
Discover the Majestic Sigiriya Rock Fortress – A 1,500-year-old marvel rising 200 meters above the jungle. Explore ancient frescoes, stunning gardens, and breathtaking views from the summit of Sri Lanka’s most iconic landmark!
- Total Steps: About 1,200 steps to the top.
- Time Required: Takes around 1.5 to 2 hours to climb.
- Difficulty Level: Moderate (some steep sections).
Introduction
Sigiriya Rock Fortress, also known as the “Lion Rock,” is one of Sri Lanka’s most famous landmarks. It is an ancient rock fortress located in the Central Province, near Dambulla. Built in the 5th century AD by King Kashyapa, this massive rock stands 200 meters (660 feet) high and is surrounded by beautiful gardens, pools, and ancient ruins.
Sigiriya is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is often called the Eighth Wonder of the World because of its incredible engineering and breathtaking views.
History of Sigiriya
Who Built Sigiriya?
Sigiriya was built by King Kashyapa (477–495 AD), who took the throne after overthrowing his father, King Dhatusena. Fearing revenge from his half-brother Moggallana, Kashyapa moved the capital from Anuradhapura to Sigiriya. He transformed the massive rock into a palace and fortress to protect himself from attacks.
However, after ruling for 18 years, Kashyapa was defeated in battle, and Sigiriya became a Buddhist monastery until the 14th century. Today, it stands as a historical and architectural marvel that attracts visitors from around the world.
Architectural and Engineering Marvel
1. The Lion Gate (Entrance to Sigiriya)
The fortress was designed to look like a giant lion. The entrance to the palace was through a massive lion-shaped gateway, with large paws carved into the rock. Today, only the paws remain, but they give an idea of how impressive the original structure was.
2. The Mirror Wall
- The Mirror Wall is a smooth, polished surface that was once so reflective that the king could see himself in it. Over the centuries, visitors wrote poems and graffiti on the wall, some of which date back over 1,000 years!
- Golden Canopy – A magnificent golden roof, built to protect the relic chamber.
- Moonstone and Doorways – The entrance is adorned with a beautifully carved moonstone and elaborately designed wooden doorways.
- Wall Paintings and Carvings – The temple features stunning murals and wooden carvings that depict Buddhist stories and the history of the relic.
3. The Sigiriya Frescoes
- One of Sigiriya’s most famous attractions is its frescoes – beautiful wall paintings of heavenly maidens. These paintings, found in a sheltered cave on the rock, are over 1,500 years old and show graceful women wearing jewelry and holding flowers. They are believed to represent either royal concubines or celestial nymphs.
4. The Water Gardens
- Sigiriya has one of the oldest landscaped gardens in the world. The Water Gardens, located at the base of the rock, are designed with pools, fountains, and canals that still function today! These gardens show the advanced engineering skills of the ancient Sri Lankans.
5. The Summit (Top of Sigiriya)
At the top of Sigiriya, visitors can find the ruins of King Kashyapa’s palace. This area offers a 360-degree view of the surrounding jungle and mountains. The summit includes royal bathing pools, throne platforms, and remnants of ancient buildings. The climb to the top involves about 1,200 steps, but the breathtaking view makes it worth the effort!
OPENING HOURS
6:30 AM – 5:30 PM
ENTRANCE FEE
Foreign Visitors: Around $30
Sri Lankan Citizens: Lower price (varies)
BEST TIME TO VISIT
Early morning or late afternoon to avoid the heat.
WEATHER TIP
Bring water, sunscreen, and a hat as it can be very hot.
